I don't feel it was as much a "caliber" failure as it was a "bullet" failure
I think we both have said variations of this and got pretty much that a bonded bullet in 9mm still wouldn't have been the anwser. It was .45 or go home and when it comes to rifles it is 7.62X39 or go home 5.56 apparently doesn't work either.
Bullet tech has come extremely far since the 1986 Miami shoot out and RamRoddoc shooting pickups. No matter what pistol round was used there is a good chance you would have had jacket separation and bullet deformation after shooting though that front windshield with a non-bonded round. A .45 wouldn't have performed any better or given the OP or the "victim" any advantage. As PM pointed out if punching though windshields is your thing step up with a .357 Sig in a bonded bullet or just carry around FMJ's.